NCDC Issues Warning on Moderate HMPV Infection Risk in Nigeria

• NCDC reports moderate risk of HMPV in Nigeria.
• Virus causes severe respiratory issues in vulnerable groups.
• Proactive measures at entry points to prevent spread.

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has assessed the risk of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in Nigeria as moderate, following a recent risk assessment conducted on January 6, 2025.

EKO HOT BLOG gathered that the virus, first identified in the Netherlands in 2001, causes symptoms similar to a common cold or flu, including cough, fever, nasal congestion, and fatigue. HMPV can lead to severe respiratory complications, particularly in infants, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

In its public advisory, signed by Dr. Jide Idris, the NCDC clarified that the World Health Organization (WHO) has not declared HMPV a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Despite this, the agency is closely monitoring the situation and implementing measures to mitigate the virus’s potential impact.

The risk assessment, conducted in collaboration with the Federal Ministry of Health, WHO, U.S. CDC, and the UK Health Security Agency, classified HMPV’s risk in Nigeria as moderate. This evaluation will guide preparedness, decision-making, and response strategies to reduce the virus’s impact. The NCDC is working proactively with Port Health Authorities to enhance preparedness at all international points of entry (PoEs) and prevent the virus’s spread through international travel.

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HMPV is a respiratory virus that can cause mild to severe illnesses. There is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine, and supportive care remains the primary approach for recovery. Vulnerable populations such as young children, older adults, and individuals with compromised immune systems are most at risk.

The NCDC has initiated a series of actions, including enhanced surveillance, laboratory testing for HMPV at National Influenza Sentinel Surveillance sites, and preparedness efforts at international airports. Hospitals across the country have been issued advisories on infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, including hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, and respiratory hygiene.

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The NCDC is collaborating with state governments and healthcare facilities to train healthcare workers on effective case management and to activate treatment and isolation centers. The agency has also stockpiled essential materials, including personal protective equipment (PPE) and laboratory supplies, to ensure a rapid response if necessary.

Furthermore, the NCDC is working with public health communication partners to disseminate accurate information, address concerns, and encourage appropriate health-seeking behaviors among the public. These measures reflect the agency’s commitment to a coordinated and proactive response to potential health threats.

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