- Hypertension and hypotension pose serious health risks if untreated.
- Healthy eating, regular exercise, and stress management help control blood pressure.
- Early detection through regular monitoring is critical to prevention.
Blood pressure is a key measure of heart health, yet it’s often ignored until it becomes a serious problem.
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In this report, we discuss the risks of hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure) with insights from Dr. Matthew Okoye, a consultant at Spring Life Hospital, Jos.
Blood Pressure: The Basics
EKO HOT BLOG gathered that blood pressure measures how much force the blood applies to the walls of the arteries. It’s recorded as two numbers: systolic pressure, the top number, shows the pressure during a heartbeat, and diastolic pressure, the lower number, shows the pressure when the heart rests. A normal reading is around 120/80 mmHg.
When blood pressure goes too high or too low, it can lead to serious health issues. Hypertension is particularly dangerous because it often has no symptoms, while hypotension can cause dizziness and fainting.
Hypertension: The Silent Killer
Hypertension develops gradually and can remain unnoticed until it causes complications like a stroke or heart attack. Many people only find out they have high blood pressure after suffering severe health problems. Lifestyle factors, including too much salt and alcohol, smoking, lack of exercise, and stress, are common causes. Other factors like genetics, diabetes, or kidney issues can also play a role.
There’s been a worrying increase in cases due to changes in diet and urban lifestyles. “Traditional, healthier meals are being replaced with processed, salty foods, making the problem worse,” he added.
Hypotension: A Lesser-Known Concern
Hypotension happens when blood pressure is too low to properly deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body. “It can result from dehydration, blood loss, or certain medications,” Dr. Okoye explained. Symptoms include lightheadedness, fainting, and, in severe cases, shock.
For older adults, orthostatic hypotension—a drop in blood pressure when standing—is common and increases the risk of falls. “While it’s often harmless in younger people, it needs close attention in the elderly,” he noted.
Managing Blood Pressure
Managing blood pressure involves a mix of lifestyle changes and, if necessary, medical treatment. For high blood pressure, cutting back on salt, eating more fruits and vegetables, staying active, and reducing stress are crucial steps. He also emphasized the importance of the DASH diet, which focuses on nutritious, low-sodium foods.
Regular monitoring is essential. “Many people don’t check their blood pressure until they experience severe symptoms. Early detection through regular check-ups can prevent long-term complications,” he warned.
For low blood pressure, treating the underlying cause is key. “Drinking enough water, adjusting medications, and in some cases, increasing salt intake under a doctor’s guidance can help,” he suggested. Compression stockings may also help improve circulation.
Common Misunderstandings
There are many misconceptions about blood pressure. “Some believe only older people get high blood pressure, but poor lifestyle choices are causing more cases in younger people,” Dr. Okoye explained. Others assume that feeling fine means their blood pressure is normal. “Hypertension often has no symptoms, so relying on how you feel can be risky,” he warned.
Using unverified remedies is another issue. “Delaying proper treatment for herbal solutions or supplements can lead to irreversible damage,” he cautioned.
Creating awareness is a shared responsibility. “Health education campaigns, community programs, and accessible medical care must focus on blood pressure awareness,” Dr. Okoye urged. He encouraged families to discuss health openly and prioritize regular check-ups.
“Simple habits like eating healthier, staying active, and checking blood pressure regularly can save lives,” he concluded.
